Which of the following is NOT a part of the access control model?

In the context of access control models, the primary functions involve managing who is allowed to access information and what actions they can take. These functions include identification, authentication, and authorization. Identification is the process of recognizing a user or a device requesting access. Authentication is the subsequent step where the credentials provided (like passwords or biometrics) are verified to ensure that the user is who they claim to be. Authorization, on the other hand, determines the rights and privileges the authenticated user has within the system.

Data encryption, while a vital security measure, is not directly part of the access control process itself. Instead, it focuses on protecting data by converting it into a secure format that is unreadable without the appropriate decryption key. While encryption can support a broader security framework by protecting data integrity and confidentiality, it does not fall under the specific categories of controlling user access. Thus, it is understood that encryption is a separate security measure that complements the access control model rather than being a component of it.